How does Benner's model reflect changes in skilled performance?

• A. It shows a movement from abstract principles to concrete experiences, a holistic understanding, and involvement in performance.
• B. It emphasizes rapid procedural memorization without reflection.
• C. It suggests performance is static after basic training.
• D. It focuses only on theoretical knowledge.

Answer: (C)

Benner's model shows how nursing practice evolves from relying on abstract rules to performing with a holistic, integrated understanding that comes from real clinical experience. As nurses move from novice toward expert, they shift from applying explicit guidelines to sensing patterns in real situations, making intuitive judgments, and fully engaging in the act of care. This aligns best with a description of advancing from abstract principles to concrete experiences, developing a holistic grasp, and becoming actively involved in performance.

The other ideas don’t fit: relying on rapid memorization without reflection misses the growth that comes from experience; implying performance becomes static after basic training ignores ongoing development through practice; and focusing only on theoretical knowledge neglects the experiential, tacit learning central to Benner's stages.